Vegetable glue and method of making same



106. COMPOSITlONS,

COATING R PLASTlC are in common use.

Patented Apr. 19, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE IRVING F. LAUCKS AND GLENN DAVIDSON,

OF SEATTLE, WASHINGTON, ASSIGNOBS TO I. I. LA'UCKS, INCORPORATED, OF SEATTLE, WASHINGTON, AL CORPORATION OF WASHINGTON VEGETABLE GLUE AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME No Drawing. Original application filed October 29, 1923, Serial No. 613,381.

filed October 4, 1928.

The art of making a water-proof glue from certain protein materials has been known for some time; thus casein and blood albumin These last mentioned compounds, however, have a number of disadvantages from a practical standpoint. Casein is costly and lack of uniformity in the material as derived from various sources is a serious detriment; while blood albumin is not available except in certain situations. There is accordingly a great demand for a new glue that will be cheap and at the same time sufiiciently waterproof.

By waterproof, in this connection, it is not meant that glues thus characterized will resist the action of water indefinitely, but it is meant that they are waterproof in the sense in which the term is used in the industry.

Vegetable compounds have not. so far as we are aware, been heretofore satisfactorily employed as a basis for waterproof glues of the type in question. It is true that some veneer makers, on account of the high price of casein have come to use starch glues, but these, at leastas heretofore made, are not at all waterproof.

We have now discovered however that by subjecting the material to proper treatment. vegetable. tt r. conta n ng-pr teinsnaid. starch. can be converted into a watgrproof glue that will satisfy certain rea'fitremms The requisite raw material mav be derived from a number of sources and the treatment of such material is relatively simple and inexpensive so that as a result we are able to produce a satisfactory glue at a much lower cost than has heretofore been possible.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends. the invention, then, consists of the combination of ingredients or com osition of matter and the steps involved in the preparation of such composition hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims. it being understood that such disclosed ingredients and steps constitute but several of the various ways in whicph the principle of the invention may be use Where so a bean material,suc our 1s flour is employed as raw preferably made by Divided and this application f v" LV- a bean calze so grinding the soy that 80 per cent. will pass a 100 mesh screen, and when treated with certain chemicals, or other substances, we make therefrom a very satisfactory glue. Such bean cake as analyzed by us, is found to contmn'erage 45 per cent. protein. 12 per cent. water. 5 per cent. cellulose or crude fiber, 7 per cent. oil, 6 per cent. ash, an 25 per cent. carbohvdhates.

Ye db not, however, wish to limit ourselves to soya bear flour or to vegetable protein derived from this source for we have made satisfactory glue by our improved process from a low grade wheat containing approximately per cent. protein, and there are many other vegetable materials that may be utilized.

Where soya bean flour is employed, it is preferably made from cake from which the oil has been expressed, because it is cheaper and makes a better glue, but flour made from the whole be without expresslng the contained oil, may also be used, although obviously this would not be economical in view of the value which attaches to such oil. As to the fineness of the flour, it is not necessary that the meal be ground as fine as indicated above, but fineness is desirable from a practical standpoint.

The use of caustic soda with such vegeta ble matter is desirable, such caustic soda apparently playing the part of dispersing the colloidal material.

As equivalents of such caustic soda, caustic otash and ammo 'a may be used, although more expensive. t er equivalents of caustic soda in the presence of lime are salts of soda Serial No. 310,425.

for potash) with weak acids, e. g. 808111111 p osp a 5 so ium orate an the like.

sodium hos hate, sodium perborate and sodium sulph ite. I here 1 the caustic soda Examiner 10 parts Portland cement, 5 parts wa er. 30 parts per cent. caustic soda solutlon,

warm to 80 cent; ad a parts wa er ass. (2) Mix 30 parts low grade whea our. parts sodium dichromate 5 parts or and '7'? cement. 4b parts water. .ltl parts 18 per cent.

caustic soda solution.

3 1 ix dry, 40 parts sova bean flour. 6 parts rosin, 8 parts Portland cement. 3 parts ichromate of soda. and a parts caustic soda a 140 parts water and 14 parts water glass; stir well; add parts water.

The particular order in which the several ingredients are admixed together in the formales just given may be varied, and it is unnecessary that the manufacture of the product be completed in a single continuous operation, but as a matter of practice,we have found it desirable in certain cases to mix onlv certain of the ingrediggts i ni tially ant ien a d ificifiis just before the glue is require or use. '1 bus the vegetable seed flour, rosin and Portland cement may be mixed dry and in this form be shipped. Such di'fv productis then mixed with water, caustic soda solution and sodium silicate in the form of water glass, thereby making a finished glue.

It will also be understood of course. that the foregoing formulae are typical and that many variations are actually made therein in the compounding of our improved glue.

The formulae, wherein low grade wheat flour is used, have under test resisted the action of water for thirty-six hours.

We have found that even where the vegetable material contains practically no protg g 45 but oply starch as a glue m'a' ring constituent,

'byTising Portland cement, tarch being substituted in formula No. 1 for the low grade wheat flour, a glue is obtained much superior to any starch glue at present on the market.

This application is a division of our application Serial No. 671,381, filed October 29, 1923. (Patent No. 1,689,732).

Other modes of applying the principle of our invention may be em loyed instead of the one explained, change eing made as regards the process herein disclosed or the materials employed in carrying out such process provided the stated ingredients and steps or the equivalent of such stated ingredients or steps be employed.

\Ve therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as our invention 1. A glue composition, comprising wheat flour, an alkaline medium, and Portland cement, the proportions of the flour and the Portland cement being about 30 parts of the former and about 5-10 parts of the latter.

2. The method of making a glue, which comprises treating a vegetable material containing starch with an alkaline medium and a hydraulic cement.

3. The method of making a glue, which comprises treating a vegetable material con taining protein and starch with an alkaline medium and a hydraulic cement.

4. The method of making a glue, which comprises treating wheat flour with an allaaline medium, and Portland cement.

5. The method of making a glue, which comprises treating wheat flour with an alkaline medium and Portland cement, in the proportions of about 30 parts of the flour and about 5-10 parts of the Portland cement.

G. A glue composition, comprising the reaction products of vegetable material containing starch, an alkaline medium and a hydraulic cement, in the presence of water.

7. A glue composition, comprising the reaction products of vegetable material containing protein and starch, an alkaline medium and a hydraulic cement, in the presence of water.

8. A glue composition, comprising wheat flour, an alkaline medium and Portland cement, in the presence of water.

9. A glue composition, comprising the reaction products of vegetable material containing starch, caustic soda, and a hydraulic cement, in the presence of water.

10. A glue composition, comprising the reaction products of vegetable material, containing protein and starch, caustic soda, and a hydraulic cement, in the presence of water.

IRVING F. LAUCKS. GLENN DAVIDSON. 

